0. Executive Summary
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Judgment axis

Key judgment

Item IdentityAn annual grain of the genus Panicum in the family Poaceae. Representative scientific name: Panicum miliaceum L.
Key roleSmall grains used in mixed rice, porridge, rice cakes, mixed grains, powder, mixed grains, processed foods, etc.
Harvesting principleHarvest by verifying the variety, sowing date, heading date, and seed maturity status. Specific regional technical values ​​are not applied as national common standards.
Product separationSeparation of raw grain, refined grain, polished millet, glutinous millet, non-glutinous millet, powder, mixed grain, processed raw material, and finished product
Separation of similar itemsSeparate the scientific name and product entity even if there is some overlap in appearance and market group with millet, sorghum, barnyard grass, etc.
Domestic statisticsLatest nationwide exclusive millet cultivation area and production volume: To be entered after verification of official raw data.
Supply and demand riskSmall-scale decentralized production, mixing of varieties and glutinous grains, mechanical harvesting losses, immature grains and foreign matter, milling yield variation, failure to meet buyer specifications
Operating PrinciplesSeeds · Variety · Glutinousness · Origin · Sowing Date · Harvest Date · Lot · Milling · Processing · Buyer RFQ Connection
Final goalConnecting producers, origin-based distribution, sorting and milling, food processing, and catering, distribution, and PB buyers into a recurring transaction structure.

According to Nongsaroo, millet is taxonomically classified as Panicum miliaceum L. of the genus Panicum in the family Poaceae. The National Genetic Resources Center of the Rural Development Administration also separately conserves native millet resources, managing characteristics such as waxiness, maturity date, days from heading, and days to maturity as individual resource traits. ( Nongsaroo )

Agricultural technology research in the Jeju region has presented cases where sowing around April 20 and harvesting approximately 35 days after heading were advantageous for specific cropping systems; however, since this is a farming technique applicable to the Jeju region and relevant test conditions , it should not be generalized as a common harvest standard nationwide. ( Nongsaroo )

1. Plant Identity & Product Master

Plant Identity

Basic fields

Captain registration criteria

Korean namemillet
English nameProso millet / Common millet
Representative scientific namePanicum miliaceum L.
classificationPoaceae · Panicum
Edible partsMature seeds
Non-edible · Separate managementStems, leaves, roots, rice husks, milling by-products, and sorting exclusions
Major harvesting stagesEdible seed maturity / Seed maturity
Basic product formRaw grain, selected grain, polished grain, glutinous millet, non-glutinous millet, powder, mixed grain ingredients
Basic processing stageHarvesting → Threshing → Drying → Sorting → Milling → Grinding & Blending → Productization
Basic useMixed rice, mixed grain rice, porridge, rice cake, mixed grains, powder, processed food
Similarity PrincipleMillet, sorghum, foxtail millet, etc. are separate Plant Entities. Glutinousness and varieties within millet are separated into Product and Variety attributes.

The National Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources under the Rural Development Administration designates millet as "proso millet" and manages its scientific name as Panicum miliaceum subsp. miliaceum. Since some native resources record the endosperm as "waxy," it is necessary to manage waxiness as a core attribute of the Product Master as well. ( Seed Bank )

Product Master

Product ID

Product type

Key Management Standards

PRO-P01Gijang original songVariety · Glutinousness · Origin · Harvest Date · Moisture · Lot
PRO-P02Jeongseon GijangForeign matter, immature grains, mixing of other grains, uniformity
PRO-P03Dojeong GijangPolishing degree, breakage, yield, color
PRO-P04Sticky milletVariety · Glutinousness · Cooking Suitability · Lot
PRO-P05catfish marketVariety, Cooking, and Processing Suitability
PRO-P06Millet for mixed grainsBlending Specifications · Origin · Raw Material Lot
PRO-P07Millet powderParticle size, moisture, microorganisms, raw material Lot
PRO-P08Ingredients for rice cakes and porridgeStickiness, grinding specifications, and cookability
PRO-P09raw materials for food processingBuyer Required Specifications · Processing Suitability
PRO-P10semi-finished productsBlending, Heat Treatment, and Raw Material Lot Inheritance
PRO-P11finished productRaw materials · Manufacturing Lot · Packaging · Use-by date
PRO-P12Millet for seedsVariety Purity · Germination · Seed Lot
PRO-P13Millet for local specialty productsOrigin, Variety, Processing, and Brand Specifications
PRO-P14by-productRice husks, straw, milling, and sorting by-products
2. Product Classification & Use Segmentation

Classification criteria

Subdivision type

Management principles

Plant classificationPanicum miliaceumOther species, such as barnyard grass, are separate Plant Entities
varietiesBreeding varieties · Native resources · Introduced varietiesActual variety/resource name records
CheolseongSticky millet / Non-sticky milletSeparation of cooking type and culinary aptitude
satelliteEdible / SeedSeparate management of germination, purity, and seed lot
Harvesting stageMature seeds for food / Mature seeds for seedsSpecifications by final use
Cultivation methodBy region and sowing timeSowing, heading, maturation, and harvest records
Distribution methodsOriginal Song · Selected Song · Original SongProduct ID Classification
Processing formSelection, milling, grinding, blending, heat treatmentCreate Process Lot
Final useMixed rice, porridge, rice cake, mixed grains, powder, processed foodBuyer RFQ Connection
Transaction typeIn-kind · Regular supply · Contract farming · OEM · PBContract Information NDA
originDomestic/ImportedLot and Country of Origin Separation

In the genetic resource data of the Rural Development Administration, attributes such as glutinousness, plant shape, days to heading, days to maturity, and seed color are recorded differently depending on the resource, even within the same millet variety. Therefore, instead of unifying the Product under the single crop name "millet," attributes such as variety, glutinousness, and maturity are maintained separately. ( Seed Bank )

3. Production, Harvest & Post-harvest

step

Essential Dataset

Management purpose

Cultivation planVariety · Glutinousness · Use · Area · BuyerProduction-demand alignment
satelliteVariety · Resource Name · Germination · Seed LotBreed Traceability
Seed selectionFidelity, foreign matter, uniformityBudding stabilization
sowingSowing date, sowing quantity, method, and plotGrowth management
buddingBudding date, budding rate, missing childrenEarly growth
Planting managementDensity, Spacing, and RemediationUniform production
Growth managementPlant height, branching, heading, and maturationHarvest forecasting
risingTemperature, precipitation, sunshine, disastersGrowth risk
WateringTiming and MethodMoisture management
disputeFertilizer, Timing, and UsageProduction and Environmental Management
weedsOccurrence and ControlQuantity and quality protection
pestsOccurrence, surveillance, control, and pesticidesQuality and Safety
Harvest judgmentHeading date, yellowing, maturity, weatherHarvesting at the right time
harvestHarvest date, plot, harvest methodRaw Material Lot
threshing grainThreshing day, equipment, and lossesSecuring the royal family
dryMoisture, Method, TimeStorage stability
JeongseonForeign matter, immature grains, other grainscommercialization
distanceMilling degree, yield, and breakageEdible Product
purifyingProcess records if necessaryPreparation for processing
smashParticle size and yieldPowder Product
combinationMixed grains and food ingredientssemi-finished products
heat treatmentProcess conditions by productprocessed goods
saveTemperature, humidity, period, and facilitiesMaintaining quality
packagingSpecifications/Packaging Datetrading unit
shipmentBuyer · Lot · Shipment DateDelivery tracking

The growing period of millet can vary depending on the cultivation environment and variety. In the case of a specific native resource from the National Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources, Rural Development Administration, characteristics such as sowing on June 3, heading on August 11, and a growing period of 103 days were recorded based on 2008 test standards; however, these are used only as characteristic evaluation values ​​for the relevant genetic resource . ( Seed Bank )

A study in the Jeju region suggested a harvest time of approximately 35 days after heading, when leaves, stems, and ears begin to yellow, but verification based on region and cropping type is required. ( Nongsaroo )

4. Quality Specification & Lot Management

Quality items

raw materials

Pre-treated products

processed goods

finished product

Public rating

mountainous districtessentialsuccessionsuccessiontrackingPublic/Verified
Cultivation methodessentialsuccessiontrackingIf necessaryMember
varietiesessentialessentialRaw material connectiontrackingMember/Verified
CheolseongessentialessentialProduct specificationsBy productMember
Seed Centerrecordsuccessiontracking-Verified
farmhouseIDsuccessionsuccessiontrackingVerified
LotessentialnewnewManufacturing LotVerified/NDA
Sowing daterecordsuccessiontracking-Verified
Water release daterecordsuccessiontracking-Verified
Harvest dayessentialsuccessionsuccessiontrackingVerified
appearancecheckcheckProduct specificationsProduct specificationsMember
ColorcheckSelectionBy productBy productMember
weightrecordrecordrecordMarking standardsNDA
Seed uniformitycheckcoreRaw material specificationsBy productMember
moisturecorecoreBy productBy productVerified
immature teethcheckSelectionRaw Material IndicatorstrackingVerified
Damaged lipcheckSelectionRaw Material IndicatorstrackingVerified
pestschecksuccessiontrackingtrackingVerified
decay and moldchecktesttesttestVerified
alien substancecheckcorecoreCompliance with standardsVerified
Mixing of other grainscheckcoreRaw material traceabilityMarking standardsVerified
pesticide residuesRequired testLinkageCompliance with standardsCompliance with standardsVerified/NDA
microorganismBy productIf necessaryBy productlegal standardsVerified/NDA
purifyingThe relevant cityrecordsuccessionsuccessionVerified
Milling history-essentialsuccessiontrackingVerified
Processing history-recordessentialessentialVerified/NDA
packagingrecordrecordProduct packagingFinal packagingMember
saveessentialessentialessentialProduct ConditionsVerified
Expiration dateThe relevant cityBy productBy productLabeling standardsMember
ShipmentrecordrecordrecordrecordNDA
Returns and ClaimsrecordrecordrecordrecordNDA
RepurchaseRFQ connectionRFQ connectionRFQ connectionBuyer ConnectionNDA

Lot Master Required Field

Lot ID · Item/Product Type · Scientific Name or Variety · Glutinousness · Cultivation Type · Origin/Cultivation Area · Producer · Seed Lot · Cultivation Method · Sowing Date · Heading Date · Harvest Date · Harvest Stage · Quality Indicators · Moisture · Weight/Specifications/Grade · Seed Uniformity · Pest/Disease/Appearance Check · Pesticide Use Records · Pesticide Residue/Microbiological Test Report · Threshing/Drying/Storage History · Raw Material Lot · Sorting/Milling History · Pre-treatment/Processing History · Packaging Date · Use-by Date · Shipper · Returns/Claims · Repurchase

Quantity, actual unit price, original test report, contract, producer details, and lot details are managed as Verified/NDA .

5. Korea Market & Demand Structure


Nationwide Millet Cultivation Area in Korea : To be entered after verification of official raw data
Nationwide Millet Production Volume: To be entered after verification of official raw data
Source: National Data Center Crop Production Survey / Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Agri-food Statistics Service (KASS)

It can be confirmed that the Rural Development Administration has accumulated distinct farming utilization technologies for millet regarding cultivation, harvesting, mechanization, and production cost reduction, indicating that it is being researched and managed domestically as an independent miscellaneous grain crop. ( Nongsaroo )

Customers

Purchase criteria

Cooperation opportunities

Agricultural cooperatives and producer organizationsVariety, Glutinousness, Origin, Harvest DateJoint sorting and contract farming
Grain distributorOrigin, color, uniformity, moistureRegular procurement
Jeongseon and milling companiesOriginal uniformity, yield, and breakagePolished Product
Mixed grain manufacturerGlutinousness, Color, Grain Size, OriginMixed grains
Rice cake and traditional food companiesStickiness, grinding, and processing suitabilitySticky millet contract production
Porridge and convenience food companiesCookability · Degree of millingHMR
flour millParticle size, color, and yieldMillet powder
Confectionery and bakery companiesPowder Specifications · BlendingProduct development
School and public mealsDomestic, Safety, StandardsLocal grains
Dining Out & School MealsCookability, Packaging, DeliveryRegular supply
HMR · Meal KitPretreatment and mixing ratioConvenience food ingredients
Distribution/OnlineSmall packaging, labeling, and qualityB2C
PBRegionality, Origin, StandardsRegional PB
local specialtiesVariety, Regional Characteristics, ProcessabilityRice cakes and grain processing
Seed companyVariety, Purity, GerminationSeed supply
Research InstituteVariety, Cultivation, and Processing DatasetTechnology demonstration
exportersProduct · HS · Certification · PriceExport Product
6. Trade & Supply-chain Intelligence

step

Key variables

Operational judgment

satelliteVariety · Glutinousness · Germination · SourceFinal Product Linkage
productionOrigin · Area · Sowing · Expected HarvestCompared to buyer demand
contract farmingVariety, Specifications, Estimated Quantitydemand-based production
Harvesting and threshingMaturity, Loss, MoistureSecure original song
Drying and sortingMoisture, foreign matter, immature grainsZhejiang Province
distanceYield, Damage, Colorcommercialization
saveInventory, Quality, WarehouseSupply stability
MillingParticle size and yieldProcessed raw materials
combinationMixing Ratio · LotHMR·PB
deliverySpecifications, Packaging, and Delivery CycleBuyer SLA
RFQ · RepurchaseQuality, Price, and EvaluationRepeat trading

Trade Management

Millet, including foxtail millet, is managed under Series 1008 of HS Chapter 10. However, since sub-crops of millet, such as foxtail millet and proso millet, may be classified separately or as "other items" in detailed HSK classifications, current detailed tariff codes and descriptions from the Korea Customs Service must be reconfirmed during actual import and export analyses. It can also be confirmed that millet is included in Chapter 1008 in the Korea Customs Service's tariff schedules for agreements. ( Korea Customs Service )

item

Operating Principles

HS Major ClassificationReview of Class 1008 Millet Series
Detailed HSRegister after officially verifying the current HSK item description.
Edible grainsCountry of Origin · Lot · Quality · Safety
For seedsSeed status, quarantine, and variety are separate
Powders and processed productsSeparate HS review based on degree of processing
Import volumeSubsequent verification of raw data by the Korea Customs Service
RevenueFurther verification
Export volumeFurther verification
major countriesEnter after verifying the detailed HS and base year
FTAVerification of origin, preferential tariff rates, and HS standards
QuarantineCheck quarantine conditions by seed and grain
Customs clearance unit priceCalculation based on identical product, three-number, and unit

Average import unit price: Based on crude oil (HS 1008291000). Further verification of raw data from the Korea Customs Service is required. For reference, Korea's total imports of millet (HS 100820) in 2024 amounted to 11,013,900 kg, or US$8.528 million, with an average of approximately US$0.77/kg .

7. Processing, By-products & PRP Intelligence

Products and processes

Key conditions

RFQ conversion

Original songVariety, Glutinousness, Origin, MoistureOrigin RFQ
SelectedForeign matter, immature grains, contaminantsGrain distribution
Dojeong GijangMilling degree, breakage, and yieldMixed meals and school meals
Sticky milletGlutinousness, variety, and processabilityRice cakes and traditional foods
catfish marketCookability and Product SuitabilityRice and porridge
powderParticle size, moisture, microorganismsConfectionery and Processing
Mixed grainsMixing Ratio · Origin · LotHMR·PB
Ingredients for rice cakes and porridgeStickiness and Grinding Standardstraditional food
semi-finished productsBlending and heat treatmentOEM
finished productRaw materials, labeling, and packagingDistribution · Private Brand
Rice husks and milling byproductsContamination, Moisture, and Generation ProcessFeed and Compost Review
Stems and residuesGeneration volume and contamination statusReview of compost and biomaterials
Selected itemsImmaturity, damage, or foreign matterReview of lawful conversion

Utilization of by-products

Areas available for review:

Feed · Compost · Soil Reduction · Fermentation · Biomaterials · Waste Reduction

The conversion of food, functional, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic ingredients is registered as an RFQ Product only when official research evidence, safety, and legal compliance have been confirmed.

PRP — Product Research Profile

PRP ID

Product Research Profile

PRP-PRO-01Glutinousness and Maturity by Millet Variety and Source
PRP-PRO-02Seed germination–emergence–growth relationship
PRP-PRO-03Heading, Maturity, and Harvest by Region and Sowing Date
PRP-PRO-04Milling yield and breakage rate by variety
PRP-PRO-05Processing suitability of glutinous millet for rice cakes and porridge
PRP-PRO-06Catfish paste mixed rice and processing suitability
PRP-PRO-07Food processing suitability of millet powder by particle size
PRP-PRO-08Standard specifications for millet for mixed grains
PRP-PRO-09Classification of domestic and imported millet items
PRP-PRO-10Gijang Region PB Productization
PRP-PRO-11Utilization of milling and sorting by-products
PRP-PRO-12Buyer Spec–Variety–Product AI Match
8. AX Transformation

first of all

Execution item

Performance indicators

1Item, Variety, Glutinousness, Origin, Sowing Date, Harvest Date, and Lot are mandatoryRequired field input rate
2Separation of Raw Grain, Milled Grain, Powder, and Mixed Grain ProductsProduct identification rate
3Seed, Budding, Growth, Heading, Weather, Harvest ConnectionProduction Dataset Connection Rate
4Datafication of quality, certificates, drying, milling, and processing historyTraceability rate
5Producer–Sorting/Milling–Processing–Buyer RFQ ConnectionMatch rate
6Video AI Budding and Growth AnalysisJudgment accuracy
7Harvest timing predictionPrediction error
8Video AI selection of royal family membersDetection rate of immaturity, damage, and foreign matter
9Production volume forecastExpected–Actual Yield Error
10Prediction of milling yieldPrediction error
11Inventory & Supply RuntimeInventory update rate
12Price and demand forecastingDemand forecasting accuracy
13AI MatchEffective Buyer Recommendation Rate
14TraceabilityFinished product → Raw material traceability
15Repurchase RuntimeRepurchase rate · Claim rate
9. Industry Problem Bank

Problem group

Problem Definition

Required data

Mixed millet and sorghumConfusion with other plant species under the market name "millet"Scientific name · Product
Mixed Chal and MeMixing of products with different processing and cooking propertiesGlutinousness/Variety
Lack of variety informationCharacteristics of native and cultivated varieties are not reflected in tradeBreed Dataset
Seed purityPossibility of variety mixing during the production stageSeed Lot
Non-uniform budDifferences in seed, sowing, and soil conditionsSeeds and Budding
Regional ripening teaSame harvest date cannot be appliedSowing, Heading, and Maturation
Weather riskRainfall, drought, and harvest season weatherWeather and growth
Weed competitionEffects of early growth and mechanizationPackaging and pest control
pestsLack of Lot-specific Surveillance and Control RecordsPests and diseases/pesticides
Harvest lossSmall seed shattering and mechanical harvesting lossesHarvest and loss rates
Immature grains mixed inUneven maturation leads to quality degradationSeongsuk·Jeongseon
Drying deviationImpact on storage stabilityMoisture and dryness
Contamination with foreign matter and miscellaneous grainsMixing possible at shared sorting facilitiesFacilities · Lot
Difference in milling yieldYield variation depending on variety and raw grain conditionInput and Output
Lack of quality standardsSpecifications vary by buyerBuyer Spec
Lack of official statisticsLimitations in determining the production scale of Gijang aloneNational and Regional Statistics
Small-scale distributed productionLarge-scale procurement is difficultProducer/Area
Lack of contract farmingLack of confirmed sales channels before productionRFQ · Contract
Lack of inventory visibilityDifficulty in verifying supply quantities by production areaInventory/Shipping
Discontinuity of raw material-processing historyDifficulty in tracing back the producer of the final productParent–Child Lot
Dispersion of test reportsDispersion of safety data by transaction stageCOA·Lot
Repurchase not reflectedBuyer evaluation not reflected in next production planReviews · Claims · Repurchase

The fact that the Rural Development Administration is separately accumulating technologies regarding cultivation sites, mechanized planting, production cost reduction, and stable production for millet demonstrates that the core issue of millet is not merely variety information, but rather an operational problem connected to production scale, mechanization, harvesting, and management . ( Nongsaroo )

10. Farmer RFQ & Collaboration Model

RFQ Type

Public Registration

Verify/NDA

Procurement of raw materials from the sourceVariety, Glutinousness, Region, Harvest TimeProducer·Quantity·Unit Price·Lot
saleProduct type/originStock, Price, Delivery Time
purchaseRequired varieties, glutinousness, and specificationsTarget Price · MOQ
Regular supplyProduct CycleActual quantity and price
contract farmingVariety, Glutinousness, RegionArea, Quantity, Contract Price
Seed supplyVariety/Seed FormGermination · Seed Lot
Jeongseon GijangStandard specificationsFacilities · Lot · Price
Dojeong GijangMilling type and useYield and price
Sticky millet ingredientsVariety · GlutinousnessSample and processing tests
Catfish paste ingredientsUses and specificationsSamples · Prices
Millet powderParticle size and usesTest Reports · MOQ
Mixed grainsRaw material specificationsMixing/Contract
Dining Out & School MealsProduct Type · RegionDelivery time and volume
HMR · Meal KitProduct UseFormulation/Sample
OEM·PBProduct conceptMOQ · Recipe · Contract
local specialtiesRegion/ProductManufacturer/Contract
exportProduct/Target CountryHS · Price · Certification
Technology demonstrationProduction, mechanization, and processingExam materials
Research cooperationVariety, Processing, ProductConfidential test results

Only general information is disclosed to the Public.

Verified/NDA:  Actual Producer · Cultivation Area · Estimated Production Quantity · Facilities · Actual Quantity · Unit Price · MOQ · Certificate of Quality · Lot · Sample · Contract Terms · Delivery Date · Claim · Repurchase

RFQ Runtime:

RFQ Registration → Supplier Verification → AI Match → Sample → Inspection → Negotiation → Contract → Production/Securing → Lot → Delivery → Inspection → Performance Evaluation → Repurchase

11. RFQ Request First

① Need Products & Materials

Companies and institutions seeking necessary products, agricultural products, raw materials, and processed goods register purchasing demands. Registered requests are utilized to review cooperation with potential suppliers and producers based on the RFQ Intelligence Library.

Process:
RFQ Registration → Supplier/Product Review → Collaboration Connection → Future AI Matching

Register


② We are looking for production and manufacturing partners. (Need Suppliers & Manufacturers)

Register a request to find necessary production and supply partners, ranging from farms and producer organizations to processing companies, OEM, ODM, and private label manufacturers.

Process:
RFQ Registration → Review of Production & Manufacturing Capabilities → Collaboration Connection → Future AI Partner Matching

Register


③ We are looking for domestic and international buyers. (Need Buyers)

Farmers, producer organizations, and manufacturing companies are requesting cooperation with new buyers, such as domestic and international distributors, importers, brand companies, and food service and catering businesses.

Process:
RFQ Registration → Product & Supply Capability Review → Market & Buyer Connection → Future AI Buyer Matching

Register

Contact : mail@markethub.org

Version History

Version

Main contents

situation

v1.0Registration of basic structure of Plant Identity, Variety, Glutinousness, Production, Product, and RFQcomplete
v1.1Verification of official production, market, region, and import/export raw dataexpected
v2.0Subdivision of quality standards by glutinous, non-glutinous, milled, powdered, and mixed grainsexpected
v3.0Producer–Milling/Flouring–Food Processing–Distribution–Buyer Verified Container Combinationexpected