
Judgment axis | Key judgment |
| Item Identity | An annual grain of the genus Panicum in the family Poaceae. Representative scientific name: Panicum miliaceum L. |
| Key role | Small grains used in mixed rice, porridge, rice cakes, mixed grains, powder, mixed grains, processed foods, etc. |
| Harvesting principle | Harvest by verifying the variety, sowing date, heading date, and seed maturity status. Specific regional technical values are not applied as national common standards. |
| Product separation | Separation of raw grain, refined grain, polished millet, glutinous millet, non-glutinous millet, powder, mixed grain, processed raw material, and finished product |
| Separation of similar items | Separate the scientific name and product entity even if there is some overlap in appearance and market group with millet, sorghum, barnyard grass, etc. |
| Domestic statistics | Latest nationwide exclusive millet cultivation area and production volume: To be entered after verification of official raw data. |
| Supply and demand risk | Small-scale decentralized production, mixing of varieties and glutinous grains, mechanical harvesting losses, immature grains and foreign matter, milling yield variation, failure to meet buyer specifications |
| Operating Principles | Seeds · Variety · Glutinousness · Origin · Sowing Date · Harvest Date · Lot · Milling · Processing · Buyer RFQ Connection |
| Final goal | Connecting producers, origin-based distribution, sorting and milling, food processing, and catering, distribution, and PB buyers into a recurring transaction structure. |
According to Nongsaroo, millet is taxonomically classified as Panicum miliaceum L. of the genus Panicum in the family Poaceae. The National Genetic Resources Center of the Rural Development Administration also separately conserves native millet resources, managing characteristics such as waxiness, maturity date, days from heading, and days to maturity as individual resource traits. ( Nongsaroo )
Agricultural technology research in the Jeju region has presented cases where sowing around April 20 and harvesting approximately 35 days after heading were advantageous for specific cropping systems; however, since this is a farming technique applicable to the Jeju region and relevant test conditions , it should not be generalized as a common harvest standard nationwide. ( Nongsaroo )
Plant Identity
Basic fields | Captain registration criteria |
| Korean name | millet |
| English name | Proso millet / Common millet |
| Representative scientific name | Panicum miliaceum L. |
| classification | Poaceae · Panicum |
| Edible parts | Mature seeds |
| Non-edible · Separate management | Stems, leaves, roots, rice husks, milling by-products, and sorting exclusions |
| Major harvesting stages | Edible seed maturity / Seed maturity |
| Basic product form | Raw grain, selected grain, polished grain, glutinous millet, non-glutinous millet, powder, mixed grain ingredients |
| Basic processing stage | Harvesting → Threshing → Drying → Sorting → Milling → Grinding & Blending → Productization |
| Basic use | Mixed rice, mixed grain rice, porridge, rice cake, mixed grains, powder, processed food |
| Similarity Principle | Millet, sorghum, foxtail millet, etc. are separate Plant Entities. Glutinousness and varieties within millet are separated into Product and Variety attributes. |
The National Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources under the Rural Development Administration designates millet as "proso millet" and manages its scientific name as Panicum miliaceum subsp. miliaceum. Since some native resources record the endosperm as "waxy," it is necessary to manage waxiness as a core attribute of the Product Master as well. ( Seed Bank )
Product Master
Product ID | Product type | Key Management Standards |
| PRO-P01 | Gijang original song | Variety · Glutinousness · Origin · Harvest Date · Moisture · Lot |
| PRO-P02 | Jeongseon Gijang | Foreign matter, immature grains, mixing of other grains, uniformity |
| PRO-P03 | Dojeong Gijang | Polishing degree, breakage, yield, color |
| PRO-P04 | Sticky millet | Variety · Glutinousness · Cooking Suitability · Lot |
| PRO-P05 | catfish market | Variety, Cooking, and Processing Suitability |
| PRO-P06 | Millet for mixed grains | Blending Specifications · Origin · Raw Material Lot |
| PRO-P07 | Millet powder | Particle size, moisture, microorganisms, raw material Lot |
| PRO-P08 | Ingredients for rice cakes and porridge | Stickiness, grinding specifications, and cookability |
| PRO-P09 | raw materials for food processing | Buyer Required Specifications · Processing Suitability |
| PRO-P10 | semi-finished products | Blending, Heat Treatment, and Raw Material Lot Inheritance |
| PRO-P11 | finished product | Raw materials · Manufacturing Lot · Packaging · Use-by date |
| PRO-P12 | Millet for seeds | Variety Purity · Germination · Seed Lot |
| PRO-P13 | Millet for local specialty products | Origin, Variety, Processing, and Brand Specifications |
| PRO-P14 | by-product | Rice husks, straw, milling, and sorting by-products |
Classification criteria | Subdivision type | Management principles |
| Plant classification | Panicum miliaceum | Other species, such as barnyard grass, are separate Plant Entities |
| varieties | Breeding varieties · Native resources · Introduced varieties | Actual variety/resource name records |
| Cheolseong | Sticky millet / Non-sticky millet | Separation of cooking type and culinary aptitude |
| satellite | Edible / Seed | Separate management of germination, purity, and seed lot |
| Harvesting stage | Mature seeds for food / Mature seeds for seeds | Specifications by final use |
| Cultivation method | By region and sowing time | Sowing, heading, maturation, and harvest records |
| Distribution methods | Original Song · Selected Song · Original Song | Product ID Classification |
| Processing form | Selection, milling, grinding, blending, heat treatment | Create Process Lot |
| Final use | Mixed rice, porridge, rice cake, mixed grains, powder, processed food | Buyer RFQ Connection |
| Transaction type | In-kind · Regular supply · Contract farming · OEM · PB | Contract Information NDA |
| origin | Domestic/Imported | Lot and Country of Origin Separation |
In the genetic resource data of the Rural Development Administration, attributes such as glutinousness, plant shape, days to heading, days to maturity, and seed color are recorded differently depending on the resource, even within the same millet variety. Therefore, instead of unifying the Product under the single crop name "millet," attributes such as variety, glutinousness, and maturity are maintained separately. ( Seed Bank )
step | Essential Dataset | Management purpose |
| Cultivation plan | Variety · Glutinousness · Use · Area · Buyer | Production-demand alignment |
| satellite | Variety · Resource Name · Germination · Seed Lot | Breed Traceability |
| Seed selection | Fidelity, foreign matter, uniformity | Budding stabilization |
| sowing | Sowing date, sowing quantity, method, and plot | Growth management |
| budding | Budding date, budding rate, missing children | Early growth |
| Planting management | Density, Spacing, and Remediation | Uniform production |
| Growth management | Plant height, branching, heading, and maturation | Harvest forecasting |
| rising | Temperature, precipitation, sunshine, disasters | Growth risk |
| Watering | Timing and Method | Moisture management |
| dispute | Fertilizer, Timing, and Usage | Production and Environmental Management |
| weeds | Occurrence and Control | Quantity and quality protection |
| pests | Occurrence, surveillance, control, and pesticides | Quality and Safety |
| Harvest judgment | Heading date, yellowing, maturity, weather | Harvesting at the right time |
| harvest | Harvest date, plot, harvest method | Raw Material Lot |
| threshing grain | Threshing day, equipment, and losses | Securing the royal family |
| dry | Moisture, Method, Time | Storage stability |
| Jeongseon | Foreign matter, immature grains, other grains | commercialization |
| distance | Milling degree, yield, and breakage | Edible Product |
| purifying | Process records if necessary | Preparation for processing |
| smash | Particle size and yield | Powder Product |
| combination | Mixed grains and food ingredients | semi-finished products |
| heat treatment | Process conditions by product | processed goods |
| save | Temperature, humidity, period, and facilities | Maintaining quality |
| packaging | Specifications/Packaging Date | trading unit |
| shipment | Buyer · Lot · Shipment Date | Delivery tracking |
The growing period of millet can vary depending on the cultivation environment and variety. In the case of a specific native resource from the National Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources, Rural Development Administration, characteristics such as sowing on June 3, heading on August 11, and a growing period of 103 days were recorded based on 2008 test standards; however, these are used only as characteristic evaluation values for the relevant genetic resource . ( Seed Bank )
A study in the Jeju region suggested a harvest time of approximately 35 days after heading, when leaves, stems, and ears begin to yellow, but verification based on region and cropping type is required. ( Nongsaroo )
Quality items | raw materials | Pre-treated products | processed goods | finished product | Public rating |
| mountainous district | essential | succession | succession | tracking | Public/Verified |
| Cultivation method | essential | succession | tracking | If necessary | Member |
| varieties | essential | essential | Raw material connection | tracking | Member/Verified |
| Cheolseong | essential | essential | Product specifications | By product | Member |
| Seed Center | record | succession | tracking | - | Verified |
| farmhouse | ID | succession | succession | tracking | Verified |
| Lot | essential | new | new | Manufacturing Lot | Verified/NDA |
| Sowing date | record | succession | tracking | - | Verified |
| Water release date | record | succession | tracking | - | Verified |
| Harvest day | essential | succession | succession | tracking | Verified |
| appearance | check | check | Product specifications | Product specifications | Member |
| Color | check | Selection | By product | By product | Member |
| weight | record | record | record | Marking standards | NDA |
| Seed uniformity | check | core | Raw material specifications | By product | Member |
| moisture | core | core | By product | By product | Verified |
| immature teeth | check | Selection | Raw Material Indicators | tracking | Verified |
| Damaged lip | check | Selection | Raw Material Indicators | tracking | Verified |
| pests | check | succession | tracking | tracking | Verified |
| decay and mold | check | test | test | test | Verified |
| alien substance | check | core | core | Compliance with standards | Verified |
| Mixing of other grains | check | core | Raw material traceability | Marking standards | Verified |
| pesticide residues | Required test | Linkage | Compliance with standards | Compliance with standards | Verified/NDA |
| microorganism | By product | If necessary | By product | legal standards | Verified/NDA |
| purifying | The relevant city | record | succession | succession | Verified |
| Milling history | - | essential | succession | tracking | Verified |
| Processing history | - | record | essential | essential | Verified/NDA |
| packaging | record | record | Product packaging | Final packaging | Member |
| save | essential | essential | essential | Product Conditions | Verified |
| Expiration date | The relevant city | By product | By product | Labeling standards | Member |
| Shipment | record | record | record | record | NDA |
| Returns and Claims | record | record | record | record | NDA |
| Repurchase | RFQ connection | RFQ connection | RFQ connection | Buyer Connection | NDA |
Lot Master Required Field
Lot ID · Item/Product Type · Scientific Name or Variety · Glutinousness · Cultivation Type · Origin/Cultivation Area · Producer · Seed Lot · Cultivation Method · Sowing Date · Heading Date · Harvest Date · Harvest Stage · Quality Indicators · Moisture · Weight/Specifications/Grade · Seed Uniformity · Pest/Disease/Appearance Check · Pesticide Use Records · Pesticide Residue/Microbiological Test Report · Threshing/Drying/Storage History · Raw Material Lot · Sorting/Milling History · Pre-treatment/Processing History · Packaging Date · Use-by Date · Shipper · Returns/Claims · Repurchase
Quantity, actual unit price, original test report, contract, producer details, and lot details are managed as Verified/NDA .
Nationwide Millet Cultivation Area in Korea : To be entered after verification of official raw data
Nationwide Millet Production Volume: To be entered after verification of official raw data
Source: National Data Center Crop Production Survey / Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Agri-food Statistics Service (KASS)
It can be confirmed that the Rural Development Administration has accumulated distinct farming utilization technologies for millet regarding cultivation, harvesting, mechanization, and production cost reduction, indicating that it is being researched and managed domestically as an independent miscellaneous grain crop. ( Nongsaroo )
Customers | Purchase criteria | Cooperation opportunities |
| Agricultural cooperatives and producer organizations | Variety, Glutinousness, Origin, Harvest Date | Joint sorting and contract farming |
| Grain distributor | Origin, color, uniformity, moisture | Regular procurement |
| Jeongseon and milling companies | Original uniformity, yield, and breakage | Polished Product |
| Mixed grain manufacturer | Glutinousness, Color, Grain Size, Origin | Mixed grains |
| Rice cake and traditional food companies | Stickiness, grinding, and processing suitability | Sticky millet contract production |
| Porridge and convenience food companies | Cookability · Degree of milling | HMR |
| flour mill | Particle size, color, and yield | Millet powder |
| Confectionery and bakery companies | Powder Specifications · Blending | Product development |
| School and public meals | Domestic, Safety, Standards | Local grains |
| Dining Out & School Meals | Cookability, Packaging, Delivery | Regular supply |
| HMR · Meal Kit | Pretreatment and mixing ratio | Convenience food ingredients |
| Distribution/Online | Small packaging, labeling, and quality | B2C |
| PB | Regionality, Origin, Standards | Regional PB |
| local specialties | Variety, Regional Characteristics, Processability | Rice cakes and grain processing |
| Seed company | Variety, Purity, Germination | Seed supply |
| Research Institute | Variety, Cultivation, and Processing Dataset | Technology demonstration |
| exporters | Product · HS · Certification · Price | Export Product |
step | Key variables | Operational judgment |
| satellite | Variety · Glutinousness · Germination · Source | Final Product Linkage |
| production | Origin · Area · Sowing · Expected Harvest | Compared to buyer demand |
| contract farming | Variety, Specifications, Estimated Quantity | demand-based production |
| Harvesting and threshing | Maturity, Loss, Moisture | Secure original song |
| Drying and sorting | Moisture, foreign matter, immature grains | Zhejiang Province |
| distance | Yield, Damage, Color | commercialization |
| save | Inventory, Quality, Warehouse | Supply stability |
| Milling | Particle size and yield | Processed raw materials |
| combination | Mixing Ratio · Lot | HMR·PB |
| delivery | Specifications, Packaging, and Delivery Cycle | Buyer SLA |
| RFQ · Repurchase | Quality, Price, and Evaluation | Repeat trading |
Trade Management
Millet, including foxtail millet, is managed under Series 1008 of HS Chapter 10. However, since sub-crops of millet, such as foxtail millet and proso millet, may be classified separately or as "other items" in detailed HSK classifications, current detailed tariff codes and descriptions from the Korea Customs Service must be reconfirmed during actual import and export analyses. It can also be confirmed that millet is included in Chapter 1008 in the Korea Customs Service's tariff schedules for agreements. ( Korea Customs Service )
item | Operating Principles |
| HS Major Classification | Review of Class 1008 Millet Series |
| Detailed HS | Register after officially verifying the current HSK item description. |
| Edible grains | Country of Origin · Lot · Quality · Safety |
| For seeds | Seed status, quarantine, and variety are separate |
| Powders and processed products | Separate HS review based on degree of processing |
| Import volume | Subsequent verification of raw data by the Korea Customs Service |
| Revenue | Further verification |
| Export volume | Further verification |
| major countries | Enter after verifying the detailed HS and base year |
| FTA | Verification of origin, preferential tariff rates, and HS standards |
| Quarantine | Check quarantine conditions by seed and grain |
| Customs clearance unit price | Calculation based on identical product, three-number, and unit |
Average import unit price: Based on crude oil (HS 1008291000). Further verification of raw data from the Korea Customs Service is required. For reference, Korea's total imports of millet (HS 100820) in 2024 amounted to 11,013,900 kg, or US$8.528 million, with an average of approximately US$0.77/kg .
Products and processes | Key conditions | RFQ conversion |
| Original song | Variety, Glutinousness, Origin, Moisture | Origin RFQ |
| Selected | Foreign matter, immature grains, contaminants | Grain distribution |
| Dojeong Gijang | Milling degree, breakage, and yield | Mixed meals and school meals |
| Sticky millet | Glutinousness, variety, and processability | Rice cakes and traditional foods |
| catfish market | Cookability and Product Suitability | Rice and porridge |
| powder | Particle size, moisture, microorganisms | Confectionery and Processing |
| Mixed grains | Mixing Ratio · Origin · Lot | HMR·PB |
| Ingredients for rice cakes and porridge | Stickiness and Grinding Standards | traditional food |
| semi-finished products | Blending and heat treatment | OEM |
| finished product | Raw materials, labeling, and packaging | Distribution · Private Brand |
| Rice husks and milling byproducts | Contamination, Moisture, and Generation Process | Feed and Compost Review |
| Stems and residues | Generation volume and contamination status | Review of compost and biomaterials |
| Selected items | Immaturity, damage, or foreign matter | Review of lawful conversion |
Utilization of by-products
Areas available for review:
Feed · Compost · Soil Reduction · Fermentation · Biomaterials · Waste Reduction
The conversion of food, functional, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic ingredients is registered as an RFQ Product only when official research evidence, safety, and legal compliance have been confirmed.
PRP — Product Research Profile
PRP ID | Product Research Profile |
| PRP-PRO-01 | Glutinousness and Maturity by Millet Variety and Source |
| PRP-PRO-02 | Seed germination–emergence–growth relationship |
| PRP-PRO-03 | Heading, Maturity, and Harvest by Region and Sowing Date |
| PRP-PRO-04 | Milling yield and breakage rate by variety |
| PRP-PRO-05 | Processing suitability of glutinous millet for rice cakes and porridge |
| PRP-PRO-06 | Catfish paste mixed rice and processing suitability |
| PRP-PRO-07 | Food processing suitability of millet powder by particle size |
| PRP-PRO-08 | Standard specifications for millet for mixed grains |
| PRP-PRO-09 | Classification of domestic and imported millet items |
| PRP-PRO-10 | Gijang Region PB Productization |
| PRP-PRO-11 | Utilization of milling and sorting by-products |
| PRP-PRO-12 | Buyer Spec–Variety–Product AI Match |
first of all | Execution item | Performance indicators |
| 1 | Item, Variety, Glutinousness, Origin, Sowing Date, Harvest Date, and Lot are mandatory | Required field input rate |
| 2 | Separation of Raw Grain, Milled Grain, Powder, and Mixed Grain Products | Product identification rate |
| 3 | Seed, Budding, Growth, Heading, Weather, Harvest Connection | Production Dataset Connection Rate |
| 4 | Datafication of quality, certificates, drying, milling, and processing history | Traceability rate |
| 5 | Producer–Sorting/Milling–Processing–Buyer RFQ Connection | Match rate |
| 6 | Video AI Budding and Growth Analysis | Judgment accuracy |
| 7 | Harvest timing prediction | Prediction error |
| 8 | Video AI selection of royal family members | Detection rate of immaturity, damage, and foreign matter |
| 9 | Production volume forecast | Expected–Actual Yield Error |
| 10 | Prediction of milling yield | Prediction error |
| 11 | Inventory & Supply Runtime | Inventory update rate |
| 12 | Price and demand forecasting | Demand forecasting accuracy |
| 13 | AI Match | Effective Buyer Recommendation Rate |
| 14 | Traceability | Finished product → Raw material traceability |
| 15 | Repurchase Runtime | Repurchase rate · Claim rate |
Problem group | Problem Definition | Required data |
| Mixed millet and sorghum | Confusion with other plant species under the market name "millet" | Scientific name · Product |
| Mixed Chal and Me | Mixing of products with different processing and cooking properties | Glutinousness/Variety |
| Lack of variety information | Characteristics of native and cultivated varieties are not reflected in trade | Breed Dataset |
| Seed purity | Possibility of variety mixing during the production stage | Seed Lot |
| Non-uniform bud | Differences in seed, sowing, and soil conditions | Seeds and Budding |
| Regional ripening tea | Same harvest date cannot be applied | Sowing, Heading, and Maturation |
| Weather risk | Rainfall, drought, and harvest season weather | Weather and growth |
| Weed competition | Effects of early growth and mechanization | Packaging and pest control |
| pests | Lack of Lot-specific Surveillance and Control Records | Pests and diseases/pesticides |
| Harvest loss | Small seed shattering and mechanical harvesting losses | Harvest and loss rates |
| Immature grains mixed in | Uneven maturation leads to quality degradation | Seongsuk·Jeongseon |
| Drying deviation | Impact on storage stability | Moisture and dryness |
| Contamination with foreign matter and miscellaneous grains | Mixing possible at shared sorting facilities | Facilities · Lot |
| Difference in milling yield | Yield variation depending on variety and raw grain condition | Input and Output |
| Lack of quality standards | Specifications vary by buyer | Buyer Spec |
| Lack of official statistics | Limitations in determining the production scale of Gijang alone | National and Regional Statistics |
| Small-scale distributed production | Large-scale procurement is difficult | Producer/Area |
| Lack of contract farming | Lack of confirmed sales channels before production | RFQ · Contract |
| Lack of inventory visibility | Difficulty in verifying supply quantities by production area | Inventory/Shipping |
| Discontinuity of raw material-processing history | Difficulty in tracing back the producer of the final product | Parent–Child Lot |
| Dispersion of test reports | Dispersion of safety data by transaction stage | COA·Lot |
| Repurchase not reflected | Buyer evaluation not reflected in next production plan | Reviews · Claims · Repurchase |
The fact that the Rural Development Administration is separately accumulating technologies regarding cultivation sites, mechanized planting, production cost reduction, and stable production for millet demonstrates that the core issue of millet is not merely variety information, but rather an operational problem connected to production scale, mechanization, harvesting, and management . ( Nongsaroo )
RFQ Type | Public Registration | Verify/NDA |
| Procurement of raw materials from the source | Variety, Glutinousness, Region, Harvest Time | Producer·Quantity·Unit Price·Lot |
| sale | Product type/origin | Stock, Price, Delivery Time |
| purchase | Required varieties, glutinousness, and specifications | Target Price · MOQ |
| Regular supply | Product Cycle | Actual quantity and price |
| contract farming | Variety, Glutinousness, Region | Area, Quantity, Contract Price |
| Seed supply | Variety/Seed Form | Germination · Seed Lot |
| Jeongseon Gijang | Standard specifications | Facilities · Lot · Price |
| Dojeong Gijang | Milling type and use | Yield and price |
| Sticky millet ingredients | Variety · Glutinousness | Sample and processing tests |
| Catfish paste ingredients | Uses and specifications | Samples · Prices |
| Millet powder | Particle size and uses | Test Reports · MOQ |
| Mixed grains | Raw material specifications | Mixing/Contract |
| Dining Out & School Meals | Product Type · Region | Delivery time and volume |
| HMR · Meal Kit | Product Use | Formulation/Sample |
| OEM·PB | Product concept | MOQ · Recipe · Contract |
| local specialties | Region/Product | Manufacturer/Contract |
| export | Product/Target Country | HS · Price · Certification |
| Technology demonstration | Production, mechanization, and processing | Exam materials |
| Research cooperation | Variety, Processing, Product | Confidential test results |
Only general information is disclosed to the Public.
Verified/NDA: Actual Producer · Cultivation Area · Estimated Production Quantity · Facilities · Actual Quantity · Unit Price · MOQ · Certificate of Quality · Lot · Sample · Contract Terms · Delivery Date · Claim · Repurchase
RFQ Runtime:
RFQ Registration → Supplier Verification → AI Match → Sample → Inspection → Negotiation → Contract → Production/Securing → Lot → Delivery → Inspection → Performance Evaluation → Repurchase
① Need Products & Materials
Companies and institutions seeking necessary products, agricultural products, raw materials, and processed goods register purchasing demands. Registered requests are utilized to review cooperation with potential suppliers and producers based on the RFQ Intelligence Library.
Process:
RFQ Registration → Supplier/Product Review → Collaboration Connection → Future AI Matching
Register
② We are looking for production and manufacturing partners. (Need Suppliers & Manufacturers)
Register a request to find necessary production and supply partners, ranging from farms and producer organizations to processing companies, OEM, ODM, and private label manufacturers.
Process:
RFQ Registration → Review of Production & Manufacturing Capabilities → Collaboration Connection → Future AI Partner Matching
Register
③ We are looking for domestic and international buyers. (Need Buyers)
Farmers, producer organizations, and manufacturing companies are requesting cooperation with new buyers, such as domestic and international distributors, importers, brand companies, and food service and catering businesses.
Process:
RFQ Registration → Product & Supply Capability Review → Market & Buyer Connection → Future AI Buyer Matching
Register
Contact : mail@markethub.org
Version | Main contents | situation |
| v1.0 | Registration of basic structure of Plant Identity, Variety, Glutinousness, Production, Product, and RFQ | complete |
| v1.1 | Verification of official production, market, region, and import/export raw data | expected |
| v2.0 | Subdivision of quality standards by glutinous, non-glutinous, milled, powdered, and mixed grains | expected |
| v3.0 | Producer–Milling/Flouring–Food Processing–Distribution–Buyer Verified Container Combination | expected |









